tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-484121466487698612024-03-19T11:19:59.658+00:00Natural Hazards and DisastersFind the latest information, alerts and warnings, updates, current research, useful links and resources on natural hazards, global disasters and their management.Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.comBlogger284125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-72876607096479922422023-01-31T21:33:00.000+00:002020-03-08T23:43:48.019+00:00Introduction to the Natural Hazards and Disasters blog<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-74267323315665124102022-04-20T18:26:00.002+01:002022-04-20T18:26:14.944+01:00South Africa April Floods Summary<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgub9pX7Ssr0lPLTeOqCb5UqRW6R23Y3Kdky19pPXlJliWT9rjV2jbzc4O2edwmaAuIswL1XkuUxteFMoiDPEcCX-z8nl2ZVILesibq-dKpvu3TgS7YdPMkuRqMiQwGCFqv-PYkBu66iQH_RwNR99eTRVdh-kZ97nsW9Vfed9Vy9ZPrms1_n9zIAsgb/s916/SA%20Floods.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="724" data-original-width="916" height="506" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgub9pX7Ssr0lPLTeOqCb5UqRW6R23Y3Kdky19pPXlJliWT9rjV2jbzc4O2edwmaAuIswL1XkuUxteFMoiDPEcCX-z8nl2ZVILesibq-dKpvu3TgS7YdPMkuRqMiQwGCFqv-PYkBu66iQH_RwNR99eTRVdh-kZ97nsW9Vfed9Vy9ZPrms1_n9zIAsgb/w640-h506/SA%20Floods.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-9269814698758800202021-08-01T16:31:00.003+01:002021-08-03T16:55:21.710+01:00July 2021 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaUmRaCVak9ESFPy3y-6ALWPnm8ii8fejAwfaq0e_I0lG1Fav57SwrTzizF8HXR46bEbm-4ySeWZKWlbNzy_eFbIPpMATm8qaF_ngM7wztXdkmTfMQkVYZMp5YFPc5tiWzXE_Mw0PHqII/s2048/July2021_1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaUmRaCVak9ESFPy3y-6ALWPnm8ii8fejAwfaq0e_I0lG1Fav57SwrTzizF8HXR46bEbm-4ySeWZKWlbNzy_eFbIPpMATm8qaF_ngM7wztXdkmTfMQkVYZMp5YFPc5tiWzXE_Mw0PHqII/w640-h410/July2021_1.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7VIn7sKSAwxldYQ4L6vIYML_N5tl_O4BVhAvlqVBmGDlE3y4fBevH2RFcVmJ52GuuO8VB0P7MrPF17JW1FqoClXPUb9RwqKp0HW7hWW6GOziv3SQp_hH-mKmjJ-jT4h2BpHNbMhZLIWo/s2048/July2021_2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7VIn7sKSAwxldYQ4L6vIYML_N5tl_O4BVhAvlqVBmGDlE3y4fBevH2RFcVmJ52GuuO8VB0P7MrPF17JW1FqoClXPUb9RwqKp0HW7hWW6GOziv3SQp_hH-mKmjJ-jT4h2BpHNbMhZLIWo/w640-h410/July2021_2.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrspehr1PZUggZtde6kqzJUsqO0CB3LomCEZ67YRFO0Yoh6wKncpUke2WeEbt7QeA7O3P1GaGsDAm53boVbXefnBlDU0Sz-m_hnnlEYdaPLNZfGJVt_CmaNg4fUdVsP7PoASwUvV8OY_I/s2048/July2021_3.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrspehr1PZUggZtde6kqzJUsqO0CB3LomCEZ67YRFO0Yoh6wKncpUke2WeEbt7QeA7O3P1GaGsDAm53boVbXefnBlDU0Sz-m_hnnlEYdaPLNZfGJVt_CmaNg4fUdVsP7PoASwUvV8OY_I/w640-h410/July2021_3.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNy4XA3eltSXvVCZqS4JewzX_7Khhm1KN1JmKmFvlhpWHrA1iob4ExSLXzniGJe_Odqq2POzia-kAeDrT39N5OFqXKqpiiRF-2MKuW4pOHczHnNnkqNtw8EGh68wJ5ChbE1FkzKOGUAyA/s2048/July2021_4.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNy4XA3eltSXvVCZqS4JewzX_7Khhm1KN1JmKmFvlhpWHrA1iob4ExSLXzniGJe_Odqq2POzia-kAeDrT39N5OFqXKqpiiRF-2MKuW4pOHczHnNnkqNtw8EGh68wJ5ChbE1FkzKOGUAyA/w640-h410/July2021_4.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjScyTdw5KFeCBvWQW8ukU76hIUmxmw8y7vAnv5I4moht_XZrQVJv_xsymw7nfFZ9QaP6zmLSTDXkZAfnNa-79jyq8CvyvL7wmrd5HMMt0TfHIQ7zYTnwD21TGgz2yhDo3SohJbkqAjLUA/s2048/July2021_5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjScyTdw5KFeCBvWQW8ukU76hIUmxmw8y7vAnv5I4moht_XZrQVJv_xsymw7nfFZ9QaP6zmLSTDXkZAfnNa-79jyq8CvyvL7wmrd5HMMt0TfHIQ7zYTnwD21TGgz2yhDo3SohJbkqAjLUA/w640-h410/July2021_5.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYGdFwU5S1PY0Dm0ClJ1nqyMdd-gy1Ybg-55mn5PyZHj-STBkUehmdg4tX2EADWgLM2Mmuo8bYFCWr8aSJ2lnDMKXCyKGKNKCnDNDwE2cfEbmOzrrRAF0GMjDe8kODuM72LUDWfiNUWm8/s2048/July2021_6.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYGdFwU5S1PY0Dm0ClJ1nqyMdd-gy1Ybg-55mn5PyZHj-STBkUehmdg4tX2EADWgLM2Mmuo8bYFCWr8aSJ2lnDMKXCyKGKNKCnDNDwE2cfEbmOzrrRAF0GMjDe8kODuM72LUDWfiNUWm8/w640-h410/July2021_6.png" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-72179727323402567292021-07-11T19:59:00.004+01:002021-07-20T17:31:41.285+01:002020 East Africa Floods (January to June)<p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;">The
first half of 2020 saw devastating floods affecting countries in East Africa. A
combination of fluvial (river) and pluvial (surface water) flooding affected
Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, </span><a name="_Hlk42953116" style="text-align: justify;">Burundi, Rwanda, Djibouti,
Ethiopia and Somalia</a><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="text-align: justify;">. Prolonged rainfall resulted in water levels rising in
lakes including Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga and Lake Tanganyika causing
them to burst their banks triggering further widespread floods.</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Lake
Victoria saw the highest level in 60 years. According to the East African
Community’s Lake Victoria Basin Commission (LVBC), water levels rose by more
than two metres. Lake Albert also witnessed historical levels. You can view the
water levels of lakes by following the link <a href="https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/cropexplorer/global_reservoir/Default.aspx">here</a>.
The rising lake levels led to the displacement of numerous communities as a
result of the lakes breaching their banks. Weather stations recorded the
highest amount of rainfall in 40 years according to UNOCHA.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In
addition to the floods, torrential rainfall triggered numerous landslides and
mudslides, resulting in further fatalities and destruction. Hundreds of homes
and buildings including hospitals and health care facilities, infrastructure
such as roads and bridges and crops were damaged or destroyed. An entire town
in Somalia was washed away during a flood event. Livelihoods have been
destroyed or affected significantly.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">According
to a report published by UN OCHA 1.3 million people were affected by the floods
from March to June. This figure excluded Uganda and Rwanda, where numbers are
yet to be determined.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Red
Cross and other humanitarian organisations responded to the disasters. Damage
assessments are being undertaken and accurate figures for some regions or
countries are yet to be determined.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Heavy
rainfall continued to cause widespread floods from June onwards leading to
further fatalities and damage. A reported published by the OCHA in October 2020
stated that 3.6 million people were affected by floods and landslides since
June 2020. <o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9PlpxDgQmkd1651jvMR0XihzmfFJj8SNy7G2uG_KYoWyInzaHy7cQyCB6HEGIMkm8LbpBr7Y6xy8YVUCa_L-S09H6g2s2AxTwtJPlFEI-3IQwnSdE0eSoWfmhCHkEDIv1EV8c4YlnMFg/s2048/Picture10.png" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1678" data-original-width="2048" height="328" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9PlpxDgQmkd1651jvMR0XihzmfFJj8SNy7G2uG_KYoWyInzaHy7cQyCB6HEGIMkm8LbpBr7Y6xy8YVUCa_L-S09H6g2s2AxTwtJPlFEI-3IQwnSdE0eSoWfmhCHkEDIv1EV8c4YlnMFg/w400-h328/Picture10.png" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Tanzania:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">On
27 January, floods in the Iringa, Lindi and Dodoma regions caused 13
fatalities. More than 18,000 people were affected, over 62 households displaced
and 1,746 houses and 1,074 latrines were destroyed. A number of schools were destroyed
and there was significant damage caused to infrastructure such as roads and
bridges. In addition, 495 acres of farmland was affected.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">By
the end of February, floods had claimed 40 lives, displaced over 15,000 people
in 8,000 evacuation centres, destroyed 1,750 houses and 1074 latrines, caused
widespread damage and deaths of livestock and resulted in damage to farms. In
addition, 25,000 people were evacuated as a result of the Nyumba ya Mungu dam reaching
its capacity and overflowing. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">On
20 April, 50 houses were destroyed by landslides in Arusha and 2,700 households
were left homeless in the Moshi District. In addition, 31,500 people were
displaced.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Additional
damage occurred in towns and cities such as Mwanza and Bukoba has result of rising
water levels in Lake Victoria. Trees, beach side buildings and infrastructure were
damaged, destroyed or submerged. High water levels in the lake are continuing
to cause issues in these towns. In Bukoba, a makeshift wall has been constructed
to prevent further flooding and damage.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Floods continued to cause destruction across Tanzania in late 2020. The cities of Dar es Salaam and Mwanza witnessed disruption and damage to infrastructure, buildings, houses and businesses in October and November 2020 as shown in the videos and photos below.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In
total, 31,000 people were affected by floods in Tanzania. The Tanzanian Red
Cross has been conducting assessments and assisting those that were affected in
2020. A final report was published by them in April 2021 which can be found on their
website.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Uganda:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Floods
and landslides claimed 11 lives in Uganda. A hospital was destroyed and one was
damaged in Kilembe. Entire hospital wards washed away. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In
addition, 80 families were displaced in the Butebo District on 17 March when
houses were destroyed by floods. In April, over 200 people were displaced and
on 9 May floods and landslides in the Kween District claimed 3 lives, affected
120,000 people, left over 200 families in need of aid and destroyed several
houses. Furthermore, over 100,000 people were displaced in Kabale District as a
result of flooding and over 3,000 people were affected in the Bundibugyo
District. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">On
21 May, 11 fatalities occurred in the Kasese District. 5,000 people were also
displaced, houses and livestock were washed away and schools, roads, bridges,
water and sanitation systems were destroyed. Estimates suggests that over
100,000 people were displaced in the Kasese District since flooding began.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In
the Isingiro District, floods on 1 May led to 4 fatalities and left 3 missing
and 5,000 people displaced. 2 fatalities also occurred in the Rubanda District where
31 houses were destroyed and 500 families were displaced in the Busia District.
Landslides triggered by the heavy rainfall on 1 May caused damage to roads and
houses in the Kabale District<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">The
number of people affected by the floods since the beginning of the 2020 is yet
to be determined.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Kenya:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">On
30 January floods caused 1 fatality and the displacement of 117 families. In
addition to transport disruption, houses and infrastructure being damaged and
destroyed, the Maasai Mara National Reserve was left isolated due to the
floods. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">237
fatalities occurred in Kenya as a result of landslides and floods after 17
April. Additionally, 233,000 people were affected and 116,000 were displaced.
Two villages were evacuated due to extremely high water levels at two dams. Water
levels in the Masinga dam rose to over 10.80m.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Flooding
from the Nzoia River resulted in 40,000 people being displaced. Extensive
flooding affected 36 out of the 47 counties in the country. Properties, houses,
infrastructure such as bridges, farms, crops and flood defence structures such
as dykes were damaged or destroyed. 12 bridges were damaged and 24 footbridges
were destroyed. In Tana River County, 17,143 people were displaced and more
than 4,000 ha of crops were submerged. Rhamu Dimtu, Khalicha, Yabicho, Girisa,
Sala, Hareri, Darika, Gadudia and Khalalio were the worst affected villages.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising
water levels in Lake Turkana has submerged numerous villages, displacing
thousands. According to reports, more than 200,000 people including fisherman
have been affected by the rising water levels. Unfortunately, the displacement
of communities from rising water levels from lakes is continuing through 2021.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Burundi:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Floods
on 19 February displaced 11,000 people. In the Bubanza Province, flooding caused
3 fatalities and injured 19 people and in the Bujumbura Mairie Province more
than 700 houses were damaged or destroyed. In the village of Gatumba 9,743 people
were affected and 3,072 houses were damaged. 1 fatality occurred and over 50,000
people were affected by floods which occurred after March.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">6
districts were affected, an estimated 27,972 people displaced and 6,010 houses
damaged or destroyed in Gatumba by flooding from the Ruzizi River on 19 April.
Severe weather and landslides affected 813 people in Rumonge and Bubanza
provinces leading to further displacement and damage. 400 ha of crops were also
damaged.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">In
Mutimbuzi commune, 160 houses were destroyed, 70 houses were damaged and 7,600
were flooded. 90% of the population of Gatumba were affected. Further flooding
on 30 April displaced an additional 2,000 households. 813 people were affected
in the Rumonge and Bubanza provinces due to severe weather and landslides.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Lake
levels keep rising in Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika. In April 2021,
continuing rising water levels in Lake Tanganyika has resulted in the displacement
of 2,000 people in west Burundi. Furthermore, over 6,200 families were
evacuated and over 30,000 people were affected.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Rwanda:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Severe
weather led to 70 fatalities on 1 May and affected 7 districts. A total of 97
lives were claimed by floods in Rwanda.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Djibouti:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Floods
resulted in 8 fatalities in Djibouti and an estimated 110,000 people were
affected. The worst affected were Djibouti city and surrounding areas.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Ethiopia:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Heavy
rainfall and floods caused 12 fatalities in Dire Dawa and Shabelle regions,
affected 219,000 people and displaced 107,000 people. Widespread damage was
caused to houses, buildings, infrastructure and crops. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Floods
caused 4 fatalities, destroyed 53 houses and partially damaged 212 houses in
Dire Dawa on 24 April. Further flooding on 25 April and 26 April damaged
infrastructure, affected 34,507 households and displaced 15,195 households. Livestock
were also affected in Jinka and a main bridge was destroyed on 4 May. The
floods resulted in 34 fatalities in the country.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: arial;">Somalia:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Flooding
caused 24 fatalities, affected over 850,000 people and displaced 330,000 people
in Somalia. An entire small town was washed away. Belet Weyne was the worst
affected district amongst the 27 which were affected. In the Hiran region, more
than 115,000 people were displaced.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Houses,
agricultural infrastructure, canals and crops were damaged or destroyed,
livestock killed and water supplies contaminated. In Galmudug State, 80% of
shops were damaged in the town and 133 goats were killed in May. In Jubaland
State, 600 farms along the River Dawa were affected. An estimated $20,0000
worth of crops were destroyed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Further
flooding on 23 August displaced 15,000 people in Belet Weyne, affected 31
villages and inundated 2,100 ha of agricultural land. 263 villages were
affected and 130,000 ha of crops were inundated in Middle Shabelle.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>*Note:</b>
Figures may vary as more accurate data become available.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>References:</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3.3pt; text-align: justify;"></p><ul><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Reliefweb</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">UN OCHA</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">ECHO</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Floodlist</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Red Cross / International Federation of
Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Tanzania Red Cross</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Kenya Red Cross</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Uganda Red Cross</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Global Disaster and Coordination System (GDAC)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Pacific Disaster Centre (PDC)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">NASA</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">World Meteorological Organization (WMO)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">Preventionweb</span></li><li><span style="font-family: arial;">World Food Programme</span></li></ul><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigqKE44u_1BvYNY0Cro-re24itVL-cPtCOGZMtApoW1W-F7ipMlN0Bz42dm1QBPiC1enN-U3apH-z59KOUg00DEFUtq2ObhE-jbs96hfBrxztlgupn0Z8CtkUXCfpSQoPjhOsH850CAVY/s960/FB_IMG_1626007005634.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigqKE44u_1BvYNY0Cro-re24itVL-cPtCOGZMtApoW1W-F7ipMlN0Bz42dm1QBPiC1enN-U3apH-z59KOUg00DEFUtq2ObhE-jbs96hfBrxztlgupn0Z8CtkUXCfpSQoPjhOsH850CAVY/w400-h300/FB_IMG_1626007005634.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Talek Gate, Masai Mara, Kenya (photo used with permission from Aafeez Jivraj)</span></div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtVXmOwx7x23g2DR1_T28OHO2ErkVwQ_ZKjeoBmsbnXyL3kA39uHGqFs823H-L_2Oy72Wmj1dCcBaMLkHTtkp9h3JzeUn5ZserSrY7O7wPEvkMdq0jULbUoaTTFhvaO7rknei1RtnU-i0/s960/FB_IMG_1626007007947.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtVXmOwx7x23g2DR1_T28OHO2ErkVwQ_ZKjeoBmsbnXyL3kA39uHGqFs823H-L_2Oy72Wmj1dCcBaMLkHTtkp9h3JzeUn5ZserSrY7O7wPEvkMdq0jULbUoaTTFhvaO7rknei1RtnU-i0/w300-h400/FB_IMG_1626007007947.jpg" width="300" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Talek Gate, Masai Mara, Kenya (photo used with permission from Aafeez Jivraj)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVQfA_fFHxXHuTiwgeUDFG6CMzIv21dESZKIPMDipf_Bz8OtPmU54-6IYVyb9JSwicjg02D4mziOtp-zjG92pc5M6tKqCWvJxM8vo4OHLKI2zFbS5ttT3ebVMrh51Mj4SWIsL9A5RXoyw/s1125/1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1125" data-original-width="844" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVQfA_fFHxXHuTiwgeUDFG6CMzIv21dESZKIPMDipf_Bz8OtPmU54-6IYVyb9JSwicjg02D4mziOtp-zjG92pc5M6tKqCWvJxM8vo4OHLKI2zFbS5ttT3ebVMrh51Mj4SWIsL9A5RXoyw/w300-h400/1.png" width="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Damage in Bukoba, Tanzania caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photographer unknown)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlq2O5y5LrA9RjrThHBZWaTbX7AZPlwD1FP5wDH8_tt9z4B4sU3lFM8H7GSxRJGUIov5y6U6VclmhMkZJuptnIY2M7co_2VDNg9xYdYSkSk9pqRRsgH0IVEockXO9IR2lbCT7qITXEdUA/s1112/2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="745" data-original-width="1112" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlq2O5y5LrA9RjrThHBZWaTbX7AZPlwD1FP5wDH8_tt9z4B4sU3lFM8H7GSxRJGUIov5y6U6VclmhMkZJuptnIY2M7co_2VDNg9xYdYSkSk9pqRRsgH0IVEockXO9IR2lbCT7qITXEdUA/w400-h268/2.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Damage in Bukoba, Tanzania caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photographer unknown)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix0xeFk9HFjkHfB_oFvoDMQBHXTwHYTjcuRa5HwVoPWTnQzaPkM3muq8tXvOI_unTRvF319eFms6sbT073TFu4dHqNIgitIzsaN8LsUgWfd3pfGmHdDf2GItNVbtxHFNjxQpWBV8PzmOU/s939/3.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="685" data-original-width="939" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix0xeFk9HFjkHfB_oFvoDMQBHXTwHYTjcuRa5HwVoPWTnQzaPkM3muq8tXvOI_unTRvF319eFms6sbT073TFu4dHqNIgitIzsaN8LsUgWfd3pfGmHdDf2GItNVbtxHFNjxQpWBV8PzmOU/w400-h291/3.png" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;">Damage in Bukoba, Tanzania caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria</span><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;"> (photo by Fatema Naushad)</span><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;"><br /></span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtMjcVlAOi4RS4pLr6MJ8ULEj9jUeDmLAOmru9SMHEGsqG5PoSvluquZ6cx-GR7Yz0_FQC1n8ssZCIweuGWosjHQpEo_VufCRYkhFWGeBaI9Qj6Epy20EkV_dgON4A422llx5RCWqr8fA/s1075/4.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="790" data-original-width="1075" height="294" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtMjcVlAOi4RS4pLr6MJ8ULEj9jUeDmLAOmru9SMHEGsqG5PoSvluquZ6cx-GR7Yz0_FQC1n8ssZCIweuGWosjHQpEo_VufCRYkhFWGeBaI9Qj6Epy20EkV_dgON4A422llx5RCWqr8fA/w400-h294/4.png" width="400" /></a></div><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;">Damage in Bukoba, Tanzania caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria</span><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;"> (photo by Fatema Naushad)</span><span style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;"><br /></span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJSC8RsC7IV6Mpz0KeWSPspXtY425rN9MNfVfQFt8j5cyWcItilAZG1a8V4BomwjWWWBmhVLVNYFb3OqJRL51UCu8cCWXa2rPgujgGe7v6qglx-FBJ4AU7SMWUeFJ_YVM9-uOb7cKO2es/s1500/5.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1125" data-original-width="1500" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJSC8RsC7IV6Mpz0KeWSPspXtY425rN9MNfVfQFt8j5cyWcItilAZG1a8V4BomwjWWWBmhVLVNYFb3OqJRL51UCu8cCWXa2rPgujgGe7v6qglx-FBJ4AU7SMWUeFJ_YVM9-uOb7cKO2es/w400-h300/5.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Damage in Bukoba, Tanzania caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photographer unknown)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyz43RvfUbAfCkvhfsBDjlEzmjQNMszXhOB6tegbHGqpoF7AWRYl5Hv_-7K4NV7YCbbfq1ikOcV_Wt2_-ekqcLPHZc0w-Ldfu7bICjg8xHDpqz0OBKzkcDspZkG4YMOTrV_MJwSgdeTKc/s1500/6.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1125" data-original-width="1500" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyz43RvfUbAfCkvhfsBDjlEzmjQNMszXhOB6tegbHGqpoF7AWRYl5Hv_-7K4NV7YCbbfq1ikOcV_Wt2_-ekqcLPHZc0w-Ldfu7bICjg8xHDpqz0OBKzkcDspZkG4YMOTrV_MJwSgdeTKc/w400-h300/6.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Wall built to prevent rising water levels from Lake Victoria (photographer unknown)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLYDmI1XeStDZKbw8VDlKHDF-mcGFdCdBebwnl0npfU9O2mKwYda_HW_Lh5Q6R1yflyjMzgVMMmT3x4AeqcmDeL_xH5HZUlBa3REG8y5EOBXhgfxsCuE5MuSjIyU6Q8KGN30NUzr-5CvI/s960/7.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLYDmI1XeStDZKbw8VDlKHDF-mcGFdCdBebwnl0npfU9O2mKwYda_HW_Lh5Q6R1yflyjMzgVMMmT3x4AeqcmDeL_xH5HZUlBa3REG8y5EOBXhgfxsCuE5MuSjIyU6Q8KGN30NUzr-5CvI/w400-h300/7.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Trees submerged in Mwanza, Tanzania by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photo by Zainul Naushad)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFdxERBJGAl4g8sbrXUSn1U3l34hWUDpb6CuwGcJLp8iVgL2ovjcKjVOQvQlMOm3_UCo799q9Qj0mp7bzGA_RyKBQxu56l9QgK2Dnbx93jjjiaCGqN3mcB3hM_PL9pRQtP1qhjVJGDSsw/s960/8.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFdxERBJGAl4g8sbrXUSn1U3l34hWUDpb6CuwGcJLp8iVgL2ovjcKjVOQvQlMOm3_UCo799q9Qj0mp7bzGA_RyKBQxu56l9QgK2Dnbx93jjjiaCGqN3mcB3hM_PL9pRQtP1qhjVJGDSsw/w300-h400/8.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Damage in Bukoba, Tanzania caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photographer unknown)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEithMFbgHOERH1sX6uIr1-1psUDR983SUWr7IBEbnvLDrTu4-4E7N6ImS24N_RQEBWy6dIoKQiZsaFJffNVKVELb6frYUAjRADw6O0BmGUBsNIVolXw5hMf10cQNkw1nCGRDK-5eEBM3NI/s960/9.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEithMFbgHOERH1sX6uIr1-1psUDR983SUWr7IBEbnvLDrTu4-4E7N6ImS24N_RQEBWy6dIoKQiZsaFJffNVKVELb6frYUAjRADw6O0BmGUBsNIVolXw5hMf10cQNkw1nCGRDK-5eEBM3NI/w400-h300/9.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Trees submerged in Mwanza, Tanzania by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photo by Zainul Naushad)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuHqD4oOjoU6G4mV0HZWo00TxHL_X9EZouXJlFE1CpWq71iRRbPdvGGZHXXVHScKWldg7Yt8CLq8V2LXREN0riJ1ElIcWmYu8r-w2ugAckvU2FLZs8dSTdCd_mn00xWppYCcaSPqO1jxI/s960/10.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuHqD4oOjoU6G4mV0HZWo00TxHL_X9EZouXJlFE1CpWq71iRRbPdvGGZHXXVHScKWldg7Yt8CLq8V2LXREN0riJ1ElIcWmYu8r-w2ugAckvU2FLZs8dSTdCd_mn00xWppYCcaSPqO1jxI/w400-h300/10.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Trees submerged in Mwanza, Tanzania by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photo by Zainul Naushad)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Ctq4l5A2j0sOcpoB6lvdESVpLZlYPnUiC1H0NU4hJpB67krqJz_p7bjJgMFNpx6kWNDXR17J0wP5VtyAL__8eqX6OaY9DjeFsttxX-koCWxxeHhMTtXfCzTFLaXBrI-gVmdU6NnqDPw/s960/11.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Ctq4l5A2j0sOcpoB6lvdESVpLZlYPnUiC1H0NU4hJpB67krqJz_p7bjJgMFNpx6kWNDXR17J0wP5VtyAL__8eqX6OaY9DjeFsttxX-koCWxxeHhMTtXfCzTFLaXBrI-gVmdU6NnqDPw/w400-h300/11.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Trees submerged in Mwanza, Tanzania by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photo by Zainul Naushad)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUi4OvSNF4QgdgQG8gmS4srDoh-Kr9DLiKvENeUfsp8CvErJMya9gKElhtF0rl8P5u1HE-JGTH1T6y60CQvWKwEnVkYbdgN5OPhlfK3F8g2XhsxDm8cILiJ3BEQEI0Eqb8SEJuoV4Lzng/s960/12.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUi4OvSNF4QgdgQG8gmS4srDoh-Kr9DLiKvENeUfsp8CvErJMya9gKElhtF0rl8P5u1HE-JGTH1T6y60CQvWKwEnVkYbdgN5OPhlfK3F8g2XhsxDm8cILiJ3BEQEI0Eqb8SEJuoV4Lzng/w400-h300/12.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Trees submerged in Mwanza, Tanzania by rising water levels in Lake Victoria (photo by Zainul Naushad)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUzjWZpBvzHZowqP69tcjv5fbCiUPuqH0I2amrVk3ef_JvW-K7YnTFlnB8JYo4sjsOB7z-CY6kruOKOa7YvGyFcvYlvp4Z9wSIk6X2Xl01gqFvw5dKUq_JSXzgkq2n-LMTwaq4yU02wFU/s960/17.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUzjWZpBvzHZowqP69tcjv5fbCiUPuqH0I2amrVk3ef_JvW-K7YnTFlnB8JYo4sjsOB7z-CY6kruOKOa7YvGyFcvYlvp4Z9wSIk6X2Xl01gqFvw5dKUq_JSXzgkq2n-LMTwaq4yU02wFU/w400-h300/17.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2hJ0P9TOlUdBY1QldOQTx2pdGmnQjGMzith2BEfs4iaFTWsvKyQUwEFgBOOXgIl3cPQnbg83V-PFz4oZGwb3fhLxSZH2xPrieLHr7x-FwLIa9ElaHIKiWF_XZ7WO8hk9rO_O4O6n5sys/s960/18.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2hJ0P9TOlUdBY1QldOQTx2pdGmnQjGMzith2BEfs4iaFTWsvKyQUwEFgBOOXgIl3cPQnbg83V-PFz4oZGwb3fhLxSZH2xPrieLHr7x-FwLIa9ElaHIKiWF_XZ7WO8hk9rO_O4O6n5sys/w400-h300/18.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYRog4DzsE4fdzJ_JrG-llbCCBqnmsvbjad5pbuJhz59zIKA1TnrwhS_I_G-6ye4iSlGuoEEKal_l_1kCL6opSi4Ypgbmb5kbS0WiB0wPM7Zxix3a-Y34GJzc1RxCxOQHaCctBwOloa6U/s960/19.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYRog4DzsE4fdzJ_JrG-llbCCBqnmsvbjad5pbuJhz59zIKA1TnrwhS_I_G-6ye4iSlGuoEEKal_l_1kCL6opSi4Ypgbmb5kbS0WiB0wPM7Zxix3a-Y34GJzc1RxCxOQHaCctBwOloa6U/w400-h300/19.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRs23mcWSNfYJxZ3whs5gow8OO5pVbAfVwe8PH3rDqTgKd4-zlTuDXLxwxzF7QHumkkyKvriK_b4oaeGpCM404yiSYceeYkMvniJ4wNBQ8hXcaIdXxzgE2gk7bp1CYx9O8Huus9HFt-0Y/s960/20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRs23mcWSNfYJxZ3whs5gow8OO5pVbAfVwe8PH3rDqTgKd4-zlTuDXLxwxzF7QHumkkyKvriK_b4oaeGpCM404yiSYceeYkMvniJ4wNBQ8hXcaIdXxzgE2gk7bp1CYx9O8Huus9HFt-0Y/w400-h300/20.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTeOf3oNQ9WFcFilHQDTxYetlLU425XRNd-MNhlW9aZFa_VAdZoCcpp4f4oIOQJzaxwrMqTt9N7BNzjQ8zuU4RKPHTs-dYghUPM0ynMsnmtLX2R_PIZaSHn4b8j-GkcmXoDwwNwqkU82k/s960/21.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTeOf3oNQ9WFcFilHQDTxYetlLU425XRNd-MNhlW9aZFa_VAdZoCcpp4f4oIOQJzaxwrMqTt9N7BNzjQ8zuU4RKPHTs-dYghUPM0ynMsnmtLX2R_PIZaSHn4b8j-GkcmXoDwwNwqkU82k/w400-h300/21.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnQa2Wsv7T5v6c5pq0gDPuSWc8YXiCfExN0rodfNg4k_kGrEvXogS2qpUzhx3SbIPooFNnHsAnXd2qVLpjcia7FVp4H9Md95fIqFqp7gSDqw5hY3Q5HH6pBOt5joCswRFWO17xc7aoXmY/s960/22.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnQa2Wsv7T5v6c5pq0gDPuSWc8YXiCfExN0rodfNg4k_kGrEvXogS2qpUzhx3SbIPooFNnHsAnXd2qVLpjcia7FVp4H9Md95fIqFqp7gSDqw5hY3Q5HH6pBOt5joCswRFWO17xc7aoXmY/w400-h300/22.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Damaged caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEouaKxXXg6DwM2NlYbolwr6GMTIxsDJ1xpyQclCDDFpczLAnyyqqg5abtr0n6bIsBsbe4ty9L2nipif06-GW5ZWbHrlgvwHFqUBzmz-ce4k9RwchxkhR3P_G0CffA359rhxWeUqMn2OQ/s960/23.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="540" data-original-width="960" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEouaKxXXg6DwM2NlYbolwr6GMTIxsDJ1xpyQclCDDFpczLAnyyqqg5abtr0n6bIsBsbe4ty9L2nipif06-GW5ZWbHrlgvwHFqUBzmz-ce4k9RwchxkhR3P_G0CffA359rhxWeUqMn2OQ/w400-h225/23.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Rising water levels in Lake Victoria. Photo from Mwanza (photo by Chris Kilala)</span></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCk-K8Jp-rK4ww02lgszGME243x0ZWV3_hSNGgK0kWpzNLRHhB4mx0oYO4E0pIz8al066e84VRBFtPCVfu4YU5G2mIv-CHVneo0dI0Lj7zRHcIq-fVZLeD5nYzk-FCmGXuCKURAfNxCNY/s2048/lake0314.10d.1.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1461" data-original-width="2048" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCk-K8Jp-rK4ww02lgszGME243x0ZWV3_hSNGgK0kWpzNLRHhB4mx0oYO4E0pIz8al066e84VRBFtPCVfu4YU5G2mIv-CHVneo0dI0Lj7zRHcIq-fVZLeD5nYzk-FCmGXuCKURAfNxCNY/w400-h285/lake0314.10d.1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Lake Victoria water levels (Source: <a href="https://ipad.fas.usda.gov/cropexplorer/global_reservoir/Default.aspx" target="_blank">Global Reservoir and Lakes Monitor</a>)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyDfnZvOFwrFz7ed-FuQKPUCGsyKXQ947eiX6QRZTQXKCdzyD1W7RGiLXk5pZUPLWTp3KPUrR2d8_7f1GDD' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Video from Mwanza, Tanzania showing damage caused by rising water levels in Lake Victoria</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyslH5KKD9X73T3897S8H_4A5vHWXwSPgEPdF89yPVLxX5Llnk-ok8x7UADhPw-0up6bH34wa8IGh2gSE7d' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: arial;">November 2020 floods in Mwanza, Tanzania</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dzIAAY-fjC_7AbdmzYaBbq6t_nCAj-wJPXSHiIHDm0gkGJw9NxQmvAxWuf9VBCiFj0BT0SNEIcjwW1wWKyT' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><span style="font-family: arial;">November 2020 floods in Mwanza, Tanzania</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyoHpRz6bF9tGTQQwkgHAnWP2HiSzd3yCDZ5J_GVDZ4-sP4I90J3fz-131SMH9KQlA3Kjdkh0QyAtcFFj9D' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">November 2020 floods in Mwanza, Tanzania</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dwu1CFdct-yM7lmb6lSlbxuYywdOn-PuhqKydmWMcbMTjlXc9d0FZiTeYfKwEjk1tMhg3K4kD7MJdJTEZ_3' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Video </span><span style="font-family: arial;">by Chris Kilala</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='320' height='266' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxGhXTD33hnB2908swHcBMp94NJa7C-auCGh7GsQPuL83C0yl5VIKjZjP2qrM6OB_D3-hGgov5GHJ2nIqsO' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Video </span><span style="font-family: arial;">by Chris Kilala</span></div><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2DZ8-zRBY0Uq1nL3W5ED5R4qDEzKm_mff4-AfdQBMjd8qmWAg0XLsKVFaWLOJpssUr9RUuGCj1zQLxrXSe17hmtO5awpiuYEZC0uaauhyphenhyphenTZA3NoDWtUFtVvNNgZjt1xyxbU8KfG8n0qg/s1628/13.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1628" data-original-width="1304" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2DZ8-zRBY0Uq1nL3W5ED5R4qDEzKm_mff4-AfdQBMjd8qmWAg0XLsKVFaWLOJpssUr9RUuGCj1zQLxrXSe17hmtO5awpiuYEZC0uaauhyphenhyphenTZA3NoDWtUFtVvNNgZjt1xyxbU8KfG8n0qg/w512-h640/13.jpg" width="512" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Flooding in Dar es Salaam (photographers unknown)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgigCDFNDkujrkcvMUmzdtaQ1i3ajCOlag8KQd5L7v0YMvY8scOXsfAwZ7AIkeyCVw-gFXIiAIytgEfSyPWVRJ2HWq1i5qUS3vrTjhaU49Oo6fWVM6xEiKppsHSpMJcYj58h4vpZKxyBys/s960/14.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgigCDFNDkujrkcvMUmzdtaQ1i3ajCOlag8KQd5L7v0YMvY8scOXsfAwZ7AIkeyCVw-gFXIiAIytgEfSyPWVRJ2HWq1i5qUS3vrTjhaU49Oo6fWVM6xEiKppsHSpMJcYj58h4vpZKxyBys/s320/14.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">November floods in Dar es Salaam (photographer unknown)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkSNqgsh_ZmaozisdxO_yNN5-o9Mq2HpJ15w6pfrAe71UjYrlH2-WXVjbyyYDVsrEfbWpCJDcXZOzOJ3yXJh-_7tM7GNWD1rN-OimMhOho6pchQBpYwqfES-Y1TfA5iKtCDcPbWexvdwA/s960/16.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="563" data-original-width="960" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkSNqgsh_ZmaozisdxO_yNN5-o9Mq2HpJ15w6pfrAe71UjYrlH2-WXVjbyyYDVsrEfbWpCJDcXZOzOJ3yXJh-_7tM7GNWD1rN-OimMhOho6pchQBpYwqfES-Y1TfA5iKtCDcPbWexvdwA/s320/16.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">November floods in Dar es Salaam (photographer unknown)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div></div></div></div><p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
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Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-57887257304725387422021-07-09T15:37:00.007+01:002021-07-09T15:39:02.085+01:00June 2021 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3pMEZ2-5WN5bIzdEIZp0fVt9sUjFxG314fJEvOgZCTTthq4LqsmSyrkLd6ktETBdmjKyKtRPp49c4NZxOAywREwjBL8ZSs40sb7LHR2XUl1ODiQZOTzVCLqiE6jiIYz9XXqjnxo6LMyU/s2048/June21_1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3pMEZ2-5WN5bIzdEIZp0fVt9sUjFxG314fJEvOgZCTTthq4LqsmSyrkLd6ktETBdmjKyKtRPp49c4NZxOAywREwjBL8ZSs40sb7LHR2XUl1ODiQZOTzVCLqiE6jiIYz9XXqjnxo6LMyU/w640-h410/June21_1.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8dNncOJDQLbG4Qle45SAPawJ5egyZ985nFwvYLHsJEPVebJElCx7ePFiG8mCke2A_MRuFmIYglzcoZJZ9Cmr3dazh3_W52_mjBbE6Q7NNvae8Rxio14g9CFUFDs_GsfOzTTuvMYGx9-Q/s2048/June21_2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8dNncOJDQLbG4Qle45SAPawJ5egyZ985nFwvYLHsJEPVebJElCx7ePFiG8mCke2A_MRuFmIYglzcoZJZ9Cmr3dazh3_W52_mjBbE6Q7NNvae8Rxio14g9CFUFDs_GsfOzTTuvMYGx9-Q/w640-h410/June21_2.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPQDD0I3FvZwKFbKqfueNjvLw7hwG1rnJY1kvWfvK_XOeSCVNvJ2TRIvbY3__Hcj3jXswljIoQPHa3oCTXV-XJT7laenWqvPlIg6x9ycSImdqGyoAb77RkbW5ej56aDbtI7-sXhjyyB_I/s2048/June21_3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPQDD0I3FvZwKFbKqfueNjvLw7hwG1rnJY1kvWfvK_XOeSCVNvJ2TRIvbY3__Hcj3jXswljIoQPHa3oCTXV-XJT7laenWqvPlIg6x9ycSImdqGyoAb77RkbW5ej56aDbtI7-sXhjyyB_I/w640-h410/June21_3.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoi0Ll-k6Yh-PAnMfysYokNQaMJRPzzeCMsWKYgZdvJclDwJq2GZDEAWOTg0xV0nTQzmrcd7IAXbzGu85lAZYndO8fi3eXYlnfkCA7kSxwCS6nXoL7DTHs3FXERw0UXkPxmQez2PIbgGo/s2048/June21_4.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoi0Ll-k6Yh-PAnMfysYokNQaMJRPzzeCMsWKYgZdvJclDwJq2GZDEAWOTg0xV0nTQzmrcd7IAXbzGu85lAZYndO8fi3eXYlnfkCA7kSxwCS6nXoL7DTHs3FXERw0UXkPxmQez2PIbgGo/w640-h410/June21_4.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy6-jInXaZiYwrGgGJMwK7mYeid902ViF2VdCgtWdix2r04KMEjr342GoxjtFcYGchRsdS045cqQ8CkrsPw3yZpucjYYt6HL0y8Fx7FSoV9c5MetCqVGYR_qsFb0uwz-XNDeagrW0xwMI/s2048/June21_5.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy6-jInXaZiYwrGgGJMwK7mYeid902ViF2VdCgtWdix2r04KMEjr342GoxjtFcYGchRsdS045cqQ8CkrsPw3yZpucjYYt6HL0y8Fx7FSoV9c5MetCqVGYR_qsFb0uwz-XNDeagrW0xwMI/w640-h410/June21_5.png" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-62214301831157313592021-06-17T19:53:00.011+01:002021-06-18T20:09:52.881+01:00May 2021 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpaLmsnMmejVhtaDafyuYBJDmHjEv06cQNzeqqepYJ8riLNJUVFwi94vJR7DIagDldwB1bvyzufSFjr0d0EfDtFbpe8_7cOp8cSfzXORd52ZTGeIEkgn8wLWUkhhfATXW2IEZ4vg4D3Ps/s2048/May1_21.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpaLmsnMmejVhtaDafyuYBJDmHjEv06cQNzeqqepYJ8riLNJUVFwi94vJR7DIagDldwB1bvyzufSFjr0d0EfDtFbpe8_7cOp8cSfzXORd52ZTGeIEkgn8wLWUkhhfATXW2IEZ4vg4D3Ps/w640-h410/May1_21.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu7WacALkH69mO9IYGfWsLvX0eskMfqDBCB3_97VbTeUyDqOKF1kkIiZE0_pEGb_2VaC4oWu8qwbWMdudzVm7Eavn9ykaVfrSLIiKJx-4Yy3iyCiL_mVCjEsBxMwvAbjeOxTra4aFEfLY/s2048/may2_21.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu7WacALkH69mO9IYGfWsLvX0eskMfqDBCB3_97VbTeUyDqOKF1kkIiZE0_pEGb_2VaC4oWu8qwbWMdudzVm7Eavn9ykaVfrSLIiKJx-4Yy3iyCiL_mVCjEsBxMwvAbjeOxTra4aFEfLY/w640-h410/may2_21.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ_KskjUWBpVoz4qz9rsmL7hYEiU-PJeSOlJNyoajd8SE_BKldVJ7tr4HE1SmcBzEy1MyeploUazpQ0TYKCZpD2uyblMIW5M0DeKXbacsUODiwb7QzLEiMia9bqfG_jbjZmGBnbdto4Kw/s2048/May3_21.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1313" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ_KskjUWBpVoz4qz9rsmL7hYEiU-PJeSOlJNyoajd8SE_BKldVJ7tr4HE1SmcBzEy1MyeploUazpQ0TYKCZpD2uyblMIW5M0DeKXbacsUODiwb7QzLEiMia9bqfG_jbjZmGBnbdto4Kw/w640-h410/May3_21.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrf8Ag_qMsmds2WXtc03P_i8FrvUTzSmz8eJAXH2LUpCgDNerSrvSdZFjpz9htER3rw1VyKCsdjTjAryP1VuYNLywqGwles-U2B56NLjhtZ1FRvZK4Ek7jzdwKxkCDENmHVsqGrOSZdsI/s2048/May4_21.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrf8Ag_qMsmds2WXtc03P_i8FrvUTzSmz8eJAXH2LUpCgDNerSrvSdZFjpz9htER3rw1VyKCsdjTjAryP1VuYNLywqGwles-U2B56NLjhtZ1FRvZK4Ek7jzdwKxkCDENmHVsqGrOSZdsI/w640-h410/May4_21.png" width="640" /></a></div><p></p>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-67905813997533273222021-05-05T17:18:00.002+01:002021-05-05T19:56:44.203+01:00April 2021 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzlbd8ffhITFTI9YTPv1WlBBWxBZDvAThEWiKm2ee4al44DSOzA2-3DZsVsctxmyGe3pjj2h75Aw_DEPvSvzXmZwfBxoZW9dSfWTuXz1hZdZ3dxxyzicToLQeS4M_WUHSYdVhqhCPmygQ/s2048/April21_1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzlbd8ffhITFTI9YTPv1WlBBWxBZDvAThEWiKm2ee4al44DSOzA2-3DZsVsctxmyGe3pjj2h75Aw_DEPvSvzXmZwfBxoZW9dSfWTuXz1hZdZ3dxxyzicToLQeS4M_WUHSYdVhqhCPmygQ/w640-h410/April21_1.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4XpZmcKqQ4CQPOXv6Kpi6nHR2B50p9ysGyd6i_rGOg2trczGYwQHTYguGcreMZPoQm6EQk7Zj0ajb-aGmQiwBde1qgtGfNKXqKA6m7P1ECs7TyGZrYDoz-A3itW9Iz_Wmz2Vr3NeL4cA/s2048/April21_2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4XpZmcKqQ4CQPOXv6Kpi6nHR2B50p9ysGyd6i_rGOg2trczGYwQHTYguGcreMZPoQm6EQk7Zj0ajb-aGmQiwBde1qgtGfNKXqKA6m7P1ECs7TyGZrYDoz-A3itW9Iz_Wmz2Vr3NeL4cA/w640-h410/April21_2.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnvE6OMAbZzSR6pTKI388rHg_tDIywBFmlcblCdPb-V-YFOPl1cM08sfqIMb1ZfWxfr9E05hMaflfWu7iDRnohUsdDYYHM5QsE_dcKtLgftHY21ml0xfdHuwE2IVDG1a4Z5-tFq-xsUKU/s2048/April21_3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnvE6OMAbZzSR6pTKI388rHg_tDIywBFmlcblCdPb-V-YFOPl1cM08sfqIMb1ZfWxfr9E05hMaflfWu7iDRnohUsdDYYHM5QsE_dcKtLgftHY21ml0xfdHuwE2IVDG1a4Z5-tFq-xsUKU/w640-h410/April21_3.png" width="640" /></a></div><br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-57970598664098089482021-04-25T22:59:00.003+01:002021-04-26T21:58:32.332+01:00Tropical Cyclones in Tanzania: Cyclone Jobo<div><b style="font-family: arial;">Are hurricane, typhoon and cyclones different?</b></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones are the same weather system called different names depending on what part of the world they develop. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">In the Atlantic Ocean and north Pacific Ocean tropical storms are referred to as Hurricanes, in the Indian Ocean and south Pacific Ocean they are Tropical Cyclones and in the northwest Pacific Ocean they are</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> Typhoons.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIl5pWWhyphenhyphenotT29rom-zFkY6s8downl3W45I7iMyu6-aPkTY81jAoq0sXfEECp5KJvKvI9FcPn1UZSMZLzQyy24FBFcbMZuy9Bbe0xZqU-P1P6Ay2vor2LAgzPkE-bHAnkAnIuVNPyk1Oo/s1519/cyclonedef3.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1081" data-original-width="1519" height="456" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIl5pWWhyphenhyphenotT29rom-zFkY6s8downl3W45I7iMyu6-aPkTY81jAoq0sXfEECp5KJvKvI9FcPn1UZSMZLzQyy24FBFcbMZuy9Bbe0xZqU-P1P6Ay2vor2LAgzPkE-bHAnkAnIuVNPyk1Oo/w640-h456/cyclonedef3.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><b style="font-family: arial;">Hazards associated with tropical cyclones</b></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Heavy rainfall, strong and damaging winds, storm surge, large waves, lightning and even tornadoes are associated with tropical cyclones. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Heavy rainfall can lead to cascading hazards such as floods and landslides. Further devastating floods can be caused by a storm surge, which is a rise in the sea level caused by strong winds and atmospheric pressure during a tropical cyclone.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiejAAsbadR5up2A4fzR2D7Mvh5ux3loXZu5IwmAxe4gc5XD1mVsmfdKcBWeyWi5XIwXtHtekqpXiwTgtxuxXtoQa-Y4NyVDtB8Bfg4h6ciIOIeZMhTVutPSBDKXaN2OQATO9-pzGuHJSA/s1522/cy.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1154" data-original-width="1522" height="486" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiejAAsbadR5up2A4fzR2D7Mvh5ux3loXZu5IwmAxe4gc5XD1mVsmfdKcBWeyWi5XIwXtHtekqpXiwTgtxuxXtoQa-Y4NyVDtB8Bfg4h6ciIOIeZMhTVutPSBDKXaN2OQATO9-pzGuHJSA/w640-h486/cy.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>What's with the name?</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">One of the many questions and comments I come across on social media is related to the name of cyclones, hurricanes or typhoons. So why name tropical storms and where do the names come from? </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Naming tropical cyclones makes them easier to be identified and communicate warnings to the media and communities at risk. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Not many of us would remember technical names and numbers if they were used to name tropical cyclones! </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">A rotating list of tropical cyclones is maintained by the World Meteorological Organization for each tropical cyclone basin. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">A storm name is retired if it is deadly and has caused fatalities and widespread destruction. One such name is Hurricane Katrina, a Category 5 hurricane which affected the Bahamas, Cuba, Eastern United States and Eastern Canada resulting in over 1,800 fatalities and widespread destruction in 2005.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">The names for the southwest Indian Ocean including the east coast of Africa, contains three lists validated by the Tropical Cyclone Committee (TCC). During each cyclone season, the first tropical storm begins with the letter 'A' from the list. The only exception is when a tropical storm develops over the southeast Indian Ocean and moves to the southwest Indian Ocean.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUI_iRjy1IhTQX8RjQu_tRSyZz9QTvuzLGRAQM9ai3i30T4NLZm2PrsFZBtl0Au9tsivwsQ9UOxtrZ0PGmX-2u60uqFXtGzzfa-1OvP0SJYGEArQW3aQwsM7ccm_NBVwVg3LJcJx72NYo/s1490/names.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1271" data-original-width="1490" height="546" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUI_iRjy1IhTQX8RjQu_tRSyZz9QTvuzLGRAQM9ai3i30T4NLZm2PrsFZBtl0Au9tsivwsQ9UOxtrZ0PGmX-2u60uqFXtGzzfa-1OvP0SJYGEArQW3aQwsM7ccm_NBVwVg3LJcJx72NYo/w640-h546/names.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Southwest Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclone Names (Source: World Meteorological Organization)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">To find out more about more about tropical cyclone names including the list for other tropical storm basins, visit the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">World Meteorological Organization <a href="https://public.wmo.int/en/our-mandate/focus-areas/natural-hazards-and-disaster-risk-reduction/tropical-cyclones/Naming" target="_blank">website</a>. </span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Tropical Cyclone Classification</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Each cyclone basin uses a different classification. The image below shows these classifications.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihgW-GNpC9XR63lfkug4BwwEo9cnIpowDdcGURZg2PETIxDvCHYe3HWuIbG6GOh_SY3D1-heKzQWYV8Ad6Jjk8T5MjhzKlDHjf_w2PrKfxUJop2ehg0X_CsxhVUhMfex1VzyNGQ5-rKHA/s1320/Classification_TC_0.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="743" data-original-width="1320" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihgW-GNpC9XR63lfkug4BwwEo9cnIpowDdcGURZg2PETIxDvCHYe3HWuIbG6GOh_SY3D1-heKzQWYV8Ad6Jjk8T5MjhzKlDHjf_w2PrKfxUJop2ehg0X_CsxhVUhMfex1VzyNGQ5-rKHA/w640-h360/Classification_TC_0.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Tropical cyclone classifications (Source: World Meteorological Organization)</span></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Tropical Cyclones in Tanzania</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Tropical cyclones are rare in Tanzania. By now you have probably heard of the two significant cyclones to affect the country. The Lindi Cyclone resulted in 34 fatalities after it made landfall in </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">Lindi</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"> on 15 April 1952 with estimated wind speeds of </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">117km/h (110mph) </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">(Stephen M. Blumel, The Tanzania hurricane of 14-16 April 1952, National Weather Digest). </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">This cyclone was equivalent to a Category 3 hurricane.</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;">The Zanzibar Cyclone made landfall over Zanzibar on 14 April 1872. Both cyclones caused devastating impacts including damage or destruction of houses, hospitals, the harbour, boats, infrastructure including bridges, roads, electricity, telephone and telegraph services and agriculture crops and plantations </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial;"> <span style="color: #333333;">(</span></span><span><a href="https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/wea.3921" style="font-family: arial; text-decoration-line: none;"><span style="color: #2b00fe;">Hellen E. Msemo, Declan L. Finney and Samwel I. Mbuya, Weather – Month 9999, Vol. 99, No. 99, Forgotten accounts of tropical cyclones making landfall in Tanzania</span></a><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: arial;">).</span></span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">In April 2016 heavy rainfall from the remnants of Cyclone Fantala resulted in floods which caused 2 fatalities in Zanzibar and 12 fatalities in the Kilimanjaro and Arusha regions. In addition, </span><span style="font-family: arial;">420 people were displaced and 3,330 houses were destroyed in Zanzibar. 13,933 people were displaced and 315 houses were destroyed in t</span><span style="font-family: arial;">he Kilimanjaro and Arusha regions </span><span style="font-family: arial;">(Kai, K.H., Ngwali,
M.K. and Faki, M.M. (2021) Assessment of
the Impacts of Tropical Cyclone Fantala to
Tanzania Coastal Line: Case Study of Zanzibar. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences,
11, 245-266).</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Cyclone Jobo</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Tropical Cyclone Jobo formed on 21 April over the southwest Indian Ocean. The maximum sustained wind speed recorded was 111km/h (69mph) on 21 April, making it a Tropical Cyclone (weak Category 1 Hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale). </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Jobo weakened over the next few days to become a Severe Tropical Storm (Tropical Storm on the Saffir-Simpson Scale). </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">It was forecast to make landfall over the east coast of Tanzania on 25 April with maximum sustained winds of 65km/h (40mph) and weaken further. The maximum storm surge height forecast for Tanzania was 0.2m. Heavy rainfall, strong winds and storm surges were expected to affect Aldaba (Seychelles), Comoros, Mayotte and Tanzania. In preparation, f</span><span style="font-family: arial;">isherman in Tanzania were warned to suspend fishing activities and warning advisories were issued by the Tanzania Meteorological Agency.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">On 25 April Cyclone Jobo made landfall over at Pwani, Tanzania as a Tropical Disturbance (Tropical Depression on the Saffir-Simpson Scale) with sustained winds of 46km/h (29mph). It weakened further while moving inland and dissipated.</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Fortunately, no fatalities or significant damage has been reported. </span><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7N64VNUZ2faHSIRPJZ89Xvc56qWEPl4aDrGrW-CbKLcf9Z2FmBTIQV5S906HxckRJn8CYi1Pqgb2r7REuV9Gp_vJdAyr5mDbhry4wIM8OJ0a6sSTNeUKEpAd049FG7CsVS8n0I53nnU0/s2048/1.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1169" data-original-width="2048" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7N64VNUZ2faHSIRPJZ89Xvc56qWEPl4aDrGrW-CbKLcf9Z2FmBTIQV5S906HxckRJn8CYi1Pqgb2r7REuV9Gp_vJdAyr5mDbhry4wIM8OJ0a6sSTNeUKEpAd049FG7CsVS8n0I53nnU0/w400-h229/1.gif" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Cyclone Jobo Track Map on 22 April (Source: JTWC)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwtxTaN31ufll1z5Pmh05XF7iCE5fCeffv15RG4R7DsHE4rwADgYmrD2ipYNXHcxHUe_vdOwbws9qfohTUu2sgTENzBrGSOrdOmPbmbbCoaQBNz4Em9EM5Kp_UGvAMS0wmvJfCTBlOBJA/s1024/2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwtxTaN31ufll1z5Pmh05XF7iCE5fCeffv15RG4R7DsHE4rwADgYmrD2ipYNXHcxHUe_vdOwbws9qfohTUu2sgTENzBrGSOrdOmPbmbbCoaQBNz4Em9EM5Kp_UGvAMS0wmvJfCTBlOBJA/w400-h400/2.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Satellite</span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"> image of Cyclone Jobo on 22 April (Source: JTWC)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYeRZC6F5Fv1IGk0AOnjmxn4hmsZdlibI1PVQ54bHYgXgsiamT-_Y9hqD1AkdS3We3qG81JMmKlR3xdgGoP8uj5jMlPPIRbNJ8V3upikW6Gln3PdEc1QhzWaolpcvkf9DxmK2KUSHtmcQ/s1718/3.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1062" data-original-width="1718" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYeRZC6F5Fv1IGk0AOnjmxn4hmsZdlibI1PVQ54bHYgXgsiamT-_Y9hqD1AkdS3We3qG81JMmKlR3xdgGoP8uj5jMlPPIRbNJ8V3upikW6Gln3PdEc1QhzWaolpcvkf9DxmK2KUSHtmcQ/w400-h248/3.gif" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Cyclone Jobo Track Map (Source: JTWC)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGF4yzPefKNVD19nN5gV4tVKCqFkLMj_QegYcfP4eD5GjercL9S8g52tsnMafpc-XVLTSRdH5tJ5UHWr152vzxLmlL3rOm027ilA987dyXts6hyZWab0mtyvAwBYLtUjKt-S8seijsNU0/s1024/5.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGF4yzPefKNVD19nN5gV4tVKCqFkLMj_QegYcfP4eD5GjercL9S8g52tsnMafpc-XVLTSRdH5tJ5UHWr152vzxLmlL3rOm027ilA987dyXts6hyZWab0mtyvAwBYLtUjKt-S8seijsNU0/w400-h400/5.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Satellite</span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"> image of Cyclone Jobo on 24 April (Source: JTWC)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0aIFlXthEYpp2pe8MXB9jm_d7SUxX2vKwBuEePmeVY_zVPikljLeJlwyj2nUMr5pHRreXfLITfLfeq4xa4ms95ZqgTjsUfZwoRguUmgFl7F9IvkVot0D2YxHs9vaONgQQXQRpBk0f_k4/s1024/4.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1024" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0aIFlXthEYpp2pe8MXB9jm_d7SUxX2vKwBuEePmeVY_zVPikljLeJlwyj2nUMr5pHRreXfLITfLfeq4xa4ms95ZqgTjsUfZwoRguUmgFl7F9IvkVot0D2YxHs9vaONgQQXQRpBk0f_k4/w400-h400/4.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Satellite image of Cyclone Jobo on 24 April (Source: JTWC)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCnlLGML5ImSq9QTEAPibO-aMUuItNFf06GZaAgMjDhnlKduTt1gaxKVPnEskK32qimISTGP7opWlIifV0dKgG_D6jOe88dUBZuDWAytuO_MY60R3nC_tAanv8Cl-KeJVe6hH5cuxk8yo/s1488/last.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1005" data-original-width="1488" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCnlLGML5ImSq9QTEAPibO-aMUuItNFf06GZaAgMjDhnlKduTt1gaxKVPnEskK32qimISTGP7opWlIifV0dKgG_D6jOe88dUBZuDWAytuO_MY60R3nC_tAanv8Cl-KeJVe6hH5cuxk8yo/w400-h270/last.gif" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Final Warning Track Map of Cyclone Jobo (Source: JTWC)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>What you should do to prepare for future tropical cyclones?</b></span></div><div><div style="background-color: white; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Below are a few tips to help you prepare for tropical cyclones in the future:</span></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Tune into reliable and official weather warnings and advisories. Make sure you monitor and keep up to date with the latest information. Forecasts and situations can change.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Follow advice from official government sources and experts in the field. Remember, at times like these, rumours can be dangerous!</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Be aware of your risk. Are you at risk from flooding, landslides, storm surge or destruction from high wind speeds? </span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Create a personal disaster plan (where to go when asked to evacuate, family rendezvous point, essential and useful contacts, actions you will be required to take etc.). </span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">If you have a business, ensure you have a Business Continuity Plan (BCM).</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Know how to shut off utilities including gas, electricity and water. Remember only turn off utilities if it safe to do so.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Create a grab bag containing essential items such as regular medication, spare clothes, toiletries, money and cards, keys, mobile phone chargers, a list of useful contacts, first aid kit, torch and batteries, essential documents (passports, property and insurance) and food for your pets. Don't forget a hard copy of your disaster plan!</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Be ready to evacuate. If you are asked to evacuate by officials, do not ignore their advice. Be aware of where the community evacuation centres are located.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Charge your mobile phones beforehand. </span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">If you have generators, make sure it works and has enough fuel.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Stock up on essential items such as food, water and fuel.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Check on neighbours, particularly the vulnerable.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Secure items which can become lethal debris during a cyclone.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Take refuge in an interior room away from windows.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">If you do not feel safe, seek alternative shelter. </span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Maintain visual observations of your surroundings to check for hazards such as flooding.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">If flooding has occurred and evacuation is not possible, stay in a high place with a means of an escape.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Never walk in flood water, just 15cm of fast flowing can knock you off your feet!</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Flood water can also be contaminated, so try to avoid contact with it. Always wash your hands if you do come into contact with it. </span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Never drive through flood water. It takes only 30cm of flood water to move a car and 60cm to sweep away most cars.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Have you taken your pets and livestock welfare into consideration? Make sure you plan ahead to keep them safe.</span></li><li><span style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">Do not put yourself and others at risk!</span></li></ul></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Final remarks</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">With increasing technology specifically social media, rumours during disasters are unfortunately unavoidable. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">It is extremely</span><span style="font-family: arial;"> important to always follow advice from reliable sources such as the government and experts in the field.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">In April 2019 Cyclone Kenneth made landfall in Mozambique causing widespread destruction. Kenneth was forecast to make landfall in southeast Tanzania prompting numerous people to evacuate their homes. Tanzania had a lucky escape as a result of the cyclone changing direction. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">It is unfortunate that rumours and misinformation were being spread over social media. I came across posts claiming 'Tanzanians are scared of a little wind which is why they are evacuating', 'the storm is over exaggerated or a hoax'. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">It is extremely dangerous and potentially life threatening to underestimate the power of a cyclone. There are countless examples from around the world of the devastation and fatalities they are capable of causing. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">Spreading misinformation and mocking a population for making the right decision might cause them to become more reluctant to prepare for hazard in the future. </span><span style="font-family: arial;">It is important to remember that evacuation may cause inconvenience, but it saves lives!</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">With the potential impacts of climate change and increasing risk and vulnerability, a cyclone making landfall in Tanzania has a potential to cause fatalities and widespread destruction in coastal cities and towns such as Dar es Salaam. </span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;">Always be prepared for disasters!</span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Useful websites</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.gdacs.org/" target="_blank">Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDAC)</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/jtwc.html" target="_blank">Joint Typhoon Warning Center</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://disasteralert.pdc.org/disasteralert/" target="_blank">Pacific Disaster Center</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://www.meteo.go.tz/" target="_blank">Tanzania Meteorological Agency</a></span></div><div><span style="font-family: arial;"><a href="https://public.wmo.int/en/our-mandate/focus-areas/natural-hazards-and-disaster-risk-reduction/tropical-cyclones/Naming">World Meteorological Organization</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">If you have any questions, feel free to send me a message!</span></div>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-65778237561325981592021-04-22T16:14:00.003+01:002021-04-26T09:27:42.905+01:00Tropical Cyclone Jobo<p><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif">Tropical Cyclone Jobo formed on 21</span><sup>st</sup><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> April over the south
Indian Ocean</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif">. The maximum sustained wind speed
recorded was 111km/h (69mph) on 21</span><sup>st</sup><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> April, making it a Tropical Cyclone
(weak Cat 1 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Scale).</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Jobo has now weakened to a Severe Tropical Storm</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> (Tropical Storm on the Saffir-Simpson Scale)</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" lang="EN-US"> with
current maximum sustained wind speed of </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background: white;">93 km/h (58 mph).</span><span face="Arial, sans-serif"> <span lang="EN-US">It is currently positioned at -10.4S, 46.5E and moving at a speed of
approximately 15km/h (9mph) and is expected to weaken further over the next few
days.</span></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Severe Tropical Storm Jobo is forecast to make
landfall over the eastern coast of Tanzania on 25<sup>th</sup> April with
maximum sustained winds speeds of 65km/h (40mph). </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background: white;">The maximum storm surge height forecast for Tanzania is 0.2m.
Jobo is expected to further weaken after making landfall and will dissipate after
27<sup>th</sup> April.</span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background: white;">Heavy rainfall and strong winds and
storm surge are expected to affect Aldaba (Seychelles) Comoros, Mayotte and Tanzania.</span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">Although cyclones making landfall in
Tanzania are rare, they are not unheard of. On 15<sup>th</sup> April 1952, a
tropical cyclone (Lindi Cyclone) with wind speeds measuring 117km/h (110mph) made
landfall in Lindi (Stephen M. Blumel, The Tanzania hurricane of 14-16 April 1952,
National Weather Digest). This is equivalent to a Category 3 hurricane. Another
cyclone called the Zanzibar cyclone made landfall over the island of Zanzibar on
14<sup>th </sup>April 1872. Both cyclones had devastating impacts according
to eyewitness accounts (<a href="https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/wea.3921">Hellen
E. Msemo, Declan L. Finney and Samwel I. Mbuya, Weather – Month 9999, Vol. 99,
No. 99, Forgotten accounts of tropical cyclones making landfall in Tanzania</a>).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background: white;">Up to date information on </span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Severe
Tropical Storm </span><span face="Arial, sans-serif" style="background: white;">Jobo can be found on the <a href="https://www.metoc.navy.mil/jtwc/jtwc.html">Joint Typhoon Warning Centre</a>)</span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background: white; font-family: arial;">(References: GDAC, PDC, Joint Typhoon
Warning Centre) </span><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" lang="EN-US" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQcdmJSJ31vo2DzjH7xZ3JSC-rsDONpfHm6WK9IcFi2IsSqLjxFWHhkV2Xf7yJBYAf23oKS6NmAskkeGseBc4B0wYnFPLnnZCbF1_R6P6-VpISrIstQxkda4UmaehSI-x2_dyevqOKuls/s2048/tzcyc.gif" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1169" data-original-width="2048" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQcdmJSJ31vo2DzjH7xZ3JSC-rsDONpfHm6WK9IcFi2IsSqLjxFWHhkV2Xf7yJBYAf23oKS6NmAskkeGseBc4B0wYnFPLnnZCbF1_R6P6-VpISrIstQxkda4UmaehSI-x2_dyevqOKuls/w640-h366/tzcyc.gif" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Track map of Jobo (Source: Joint Typhoon Warning Centre)</span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT8g1Vi17hCvWcQLdbLkhTfS5q0k97TXo7MQ-N0C6K1qN1Ejy0c0V9uoR3m3ZowgsOpRF2jJK_01StMHTHF5FUW1ziZ3c7q7n_Q6oGJkAShUoxj-hwumhOaLWOPhrxvLZdmkNMNovHIa0/s1024/tzcyc2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgT8g1Vi17hCvWcQLdbLkhTfS5q0k97TXo7MQ-N0C6K1qN1Ejy0c0V9uoR3m3ZowgsOpRF2jJK_01StMHTHF5FUW1ziZ3c7q7n_Q6oGJkAShUoxj-hwumhOaLWOPhrxvLZdmkNMNovHIa0/w640-h640/tzcyc2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial;">Satellite image of Jobo (Source: Joint Typhoon Warning Centre)</span></div><span face=""Arial",sans-serif" style="background: white; color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><br /></span><p></p>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-70755996697641909732021-04-20T16:58:00.003+01:002021-04-26T10:37:44.104+01:00March 2021 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<p> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijVIemDvADkh4mxSbWRBIGNBCXJ3XwF6tHuH6I3bknWlFDtQgORmY5Qua55e-lMS8YClkMrxFMqWSQdOT8kNsGj2bBf3y0gfBkde5cMkGXu-xqBORFX1hPslXQsWJ2nxvwbOVNEgIxlOc/s2048/March2021_1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijVIemDvADkh4mxSbWRBIGNBCXJ3XwF6tHuH6I3bknWlFDtQgORmY5Qua55e-lMS8YClkMrxFMqWSQdOT8kNsGj2bBf3y0gfBkde5cMkGXu-xqBORFX1hPslXQsWJ2nxvwbOVNEgIxlOc/w640-h410/March2021_1.png" width="640" /></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLGN8W2Su7GZfm2TF1trvhf_ffRcchFBVdgtrgI4aNtCKhPwuZoAGyOpXxK3xmKZ0KzzCj73Qgs293EvQ0iBQsodAPTwb9-WWU0ldLq0ilt34_KgaHwGgdyEx8o_kFLNfEcSZTv403UBY/s2048/March2021_2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLGN8W2Su7GZfm2TF1trvhf_ffRcchFBVdgtrgI4aNtCKhPwuZoAGyOpXxK3xmKZ0KzzCj73Qgs293EvQ0iBQsodAPTwb9-WWU0ldLq0ilt34_KgaHwGgdyEx8o_kFLNfEcSZTv403UBY/w640-h410/March2021_2.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0pM_0R3nMABwZ4uHDVPFqkxjtry3b93honrR0Q5JRQSVVUG2RmBOxvnEcJGqmG5XHB1cY7-c3WaQ4uEVEK0ntB6YGRZoHkMDGq8TCz0brAKJB18GgSMpcEzYM9q0Xrv9Oca7BkD9cTek/w640-h410/March2021_4.png" width="640" /></a></div></div><p></p>Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-83740945864759523202021-03-05T16:39:00.001+00:002021-03-05T16:39:39.427+00:00February 2021 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivP3U6YlOcql62fqzvTZq11ewzf_k-hNGyuEMlm-6sK0Iv53xxnHwB8ulxFJdNkp0E8EIJAvjapwZfaUn3XgSAYXl-fnuANPYFSW6Yypbh-pZZnl7mAA-VeTuGOFaJmT8zS-YCUlRQ6Kc/s2048/Feb2021_1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivP3U6YlOcql62fqzvTZq11ewzf_k-hNGyuEMlm-6sK0Iv53xxnHwB8ulxFJdNkp0E8EIJAvjapwZfaUn3XgSAYXl-fnuANPYFSW6Yypbh-pZZnl7mAA-VeTuGOFaJmT8zS-YCUlRQ6Kc/w640-h410/Feb2021_1.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidZRLTz4TVEFnk_oewWIQm13wppjhtXCKnjaQAfYSXIv_sEkQCU2rvVa-rC074xNVgLlS0JdmMSWaLVBWExoLOtj6tbyxqoujaBKd7KKJ_UNH8Job6fMFSKakRrfGjrlFW7Dpe9-embV0/s2048/jan2021_1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidZRLTz4TVEFnk_oewWIQm13wppjhtXCKnjaQAfYSXIv_sEkQCU2rvVa-rC074xNVgLlS0JdmMSWaLVBWExoLOtj6tbyxqoujaBKd7KKJ_UNH8Job6fMFSKakRrfGjrlFW7Dpe9-embV0/w640-h410/jan2021_1.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTt1PWly9qphSrbxhuo7vtRQZt_hCvY08_vA7Fv1JxAoVFrw6rP7R_IlYwnILyaIh7tp40keqQDtH7ThekBlSkTUxKc3gg3qPWy_z-OhjAjwoEhIf6bzqDch8viGp4tiUxNGI2erDeLDk/s2048/jan2021_2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1311" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTt1PWly9qphSrbxhuo7vtRQZt_hCvY08_vA7Fv1JxAoVFrw6rP7R_IlYwnILyaIh7tp40keqQDtH7ThekBlSkTUxKc3gg3qPWy_z-OhjAjwoEhIf6bzqDch8viGp4tiUxNGI2erDeLDk/w640-h410/jan2021_2.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqB6L3JL84GOVVKCtKso0P3eW8y0tLgHAUpToXArqX7sMk1xtbAh5oooVMPk9aGgRVrnHaAWtKsx7BhPgx_aRfTULJjGM5ssNZwURTnL5Kd5JmtdXI3vp1BNIVVxmtpqunewipwCsIqpY/w640-h410/Dec2020_1.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirS91vfnFdy2QEWZfZJJUbvN4xLOBN8nQGQbRAAT0jMCee3dCA_C78ONMn3AYH4Wyn2IL3QuYYnR_W0Hv9RHlynXMVpyB5LJBV3hB1wpbXP6V8WsBQwdqnWG2vbWOd8ADAN5uEH9K4Xjo/s2048/Dec2020_2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1314" data-original-width="2048" height="410" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirS91vfnFdy2QEWZfZJJUbvN4xLOBN8nQGQbRAAT0jMCee3dCA_C78ONMn3AYH4Wyn2IL3QuYYnR_W0Hv9RHlynXMVpyB5LJBV3hB1wpbXP6V8WsBQwdqnWG2vbWOd8ADAN5uEH9K4Xjo/w640-h410/Dec2020_2.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-8801128793241121422020-06-10T17:28:00.000+01:002020-06-10T17:28:08.853+01:00May 2020 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-77760781020280776122020-05-09T16:41:00.002+01:002020-05-09T16:41:21.054+01:00April 2020 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-65348958159822480442020-04-12T17:14:00.000+01:002020-04-12T17:14:19.249+01:00March 2020 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-30544974468608075602020-04-10T19:03:00.001+01:002020-04-10T19:03:04.592+01:00February 2020 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-71317869716672750722020-03-11T22:50:00.000+00:002020-03-11T22:50:39.811+00:00January 2020 Major Natural Hazards & Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-48412146648769861.post-11791304019952173442019-08-02T15:57:00.000+01:002019-08-02T15:58:24.826+01:00July 2019 Major Natural Hazards and Disasters<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Saajeda Bandalihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10986851663654617497noreply@blogger.com0